willet



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-'Sheet 1. N. S. WILLBT.

BRIGK DRYING APPARATUS. No. 280,271. vPatenfed June 26, 1883.

2 .sheetssheen 2.

(No Model.)

N. S. WILLET.

BRICK DRYING APPARATUS.

Patented June Z6, 1883.

N. Pains. Pl-Cmvumngnpm wnmnsmn. n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NATHANIEL s. WILLET, or NEWARK, NEW JERsEY, AssIGnoR To MINETTA r. cooPER, or SAME PLAGE.

BVRICK-DRYING APPARATUS.

-SFFQIFICATIO forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,271, dated June 26, 18.83.

u Application filed March 15, 1883. (No model.) I

To all `u/ihom/ t may concern: Beit known that I, NATHANIEL S. WILLET,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark; in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain. new and useful Improvements in Brick-Drying Apparatus and I do hereby declare the following to be a wfull, `clear,`and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and. use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specication.

The object of this invention is to dry brick lwith greater facility, to preserve the quality of the same, and to reduce the cost of malin- F facturing.

the process of drying was continued until the 4 Heretofore ,theu process of drying brick has been to spread the same upon the ground, one separated fromthe other, to allow the sun and air full access. Vhen said bricks were partially dry the same were filed in a stack, where bricks were in a iit condition to be burned.. By

this method of drying, which in itself was a slow process, the bricks were liable to be damaged when on the ground bysudden storms of rain 5 washing the corners off and roughening the 'surface thereof, producing a very inferior brick.

quality, known in the market as washed The necessary handling required in stacking, or, as it is technically called, hacki in'g7 ,damaged the brick by chipping off the cornersgand bending the same, as well as requiring a large expenditure of labor, whereby the' cost of the brick was materially increased.

-By my'i improvements these defects have been ing attached thereto a mold-lander or tiltingboard, upon which is a brick-board. Fig. 4 1s a vertical section taken through line x of Fig. 3. Fig..5 is a plan view of the hinged Fig. 9 is a side elevation of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is l a cross-section of the ways on which the brickboard car moves,- and Fig. 11 isa cross-section of the rafter or beam b in Fig. 7. a plan of a modification of the movable roof. Fig. 13 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through a line directly under the 'rod a in Fig. 12. 4

In the said drawings, Figs. 1 and 7, a a are uprights, which stand preferably apart at the same distance from one another, said distance being about equalto the length of the brickboards, as shown in Fig. 7. Said uprights support the rafters Z) and receive the cleats c, arranged on the uprights one over the other, and in such a position as that when the brickboards are laid from one series of cleats to the opposite one said brick-boards will lie approximately level. .f

The roof of the brick-drying structure may be formed so that the samemay be opened to by the hand, by a lever, or by any suitable means.

Three ways of arranging the roof-boards so that the air, &c. may be admitted or excluded are shown in the drawings, Fig. 1 showing the pivot in the center and Vtheboards when closed, overlapping in a manner common to windowshutters, Fig. 5 showing the roof-boardshinged to stationary strips laid on the rafters, gutters e being provided beneath-the joints. The said hinged boards shown in Fig. 5 are lifted by a rod or strip, j, which may be .operated either by hand. directly or by alever, f pivoted or fulcrumed as shown i'n Fig. 46, and connected to the rod f by chains or other suitable means, whereby all of the hinged boards can be lifted or lowered simultaneously. The weight of the rod Eig. i2 is IOO in Fig. 13, suitably connected thereto.

f upon the boards keeps them down tight when closed. Y `The saidhinged boards are arranged at right angles to the ridge-pole, and may extend from one end of the drying-racks to the other. The said lever j, Fig. '6, may be operated by a rope of convenient length attached to one end of said lever, as shown. The third Way in which the roof-boards may be arranged is shown in Figs. 12 and 13, in which t are stationary boards secured to the rafters, and which are overlapped by the sliding boards fu. e Said fixed boards may have gutters on their upper side near the joints, as at t, Fig. 13. lf necessary, gutters may also be made on the top of the boards a, asin Fig. 13. `Small Wheels may be let into the under side of the sliding boards, moving on the under boards or on tracks, in order to facilitate the movement 'of the sliding boa-rds. The sliding boards u are moved by the rod a', Figs. 12 and 13, which in turn is operated by the mechanism shown The said mechanism is attached to both ends of the rod, in order to open and close the sliding boards. A hood may be used to cover the ridge-piece and thc joints at that place.

The brick-boards m are formed With projecting cleats g, Fig. 2, on the under side, so that when said boards are placed side by side on the cleats in the brick-drying structure theextremities of the brick-board cleats g Will abut, and'thus forman opening between the boards, through Which the air may freely pass. The cleats g on the brick-boards are arranged to engagewith the cleats c in the brick-drying structure, so that the said boards may be readily and securely held in position in said structure Without any danger of said boards sliding off. The said boards m are further provided with strips r upon the upper side, asshoWn in Fig. 2, against Which the vbrick-mold rests When the brick-board is being loaded. Openings, as s, Fig. 2, may be made through the brick-board m, to permit the passage of air. rIhe said boards may be further strengthened by a cleat on the under side, at the middle.

Adjacent to the brick-drying structure l construct a bench, h, Figs. 3 and 4, to one edge of which is pivoted a tablet or tilting-board,

a, Fig. 4, of a sufficient size to hold the brickboard m. Said bench may be placed in close proximity to the brick-machine.

The manner of placing the green brick upon the brick-board is as follows: The tilting-board n being in its loading position, as indicated by the dotted lines on Fig. 4, the brick-board is placed thereon, and is held in place by a stop-piece, 0, on said tilting-board. Theworkman takes the mold from the machine, and, resting it upon the strip 7' upon the brickboard, turns it and deposits the mold, with its` contents of green brick, upon said brick-board Without injury. rlhis is repeated until the brick-board is full, and when the last mold of brick is laid on, the Weight of the brick causes the tilting-board to revolve, Which then comes to a horizontal position, as in Fig. 4. rlhe molds being taken off of the bricks, the brickboard, with its load of brick, is then removed to the drying structure, which is near atv hand, Where they remain Without further handling until dry and ready for burning. y

The tilting-'board a is so constructed or pivoted that when the brick-board is removed it returns to its loading position. these tilting-boards may be placed between the brick-machine and drying-racks-as many 'may be necessary.

lf desirable, the brick-boards may beinounted upon Wheels, as shown in Figs. S and` 9, either grooved or flat, and move on tracks laid upon the cleats, as in Fig. 7, in the drying structure, or secured in some other suitable manner to the uprights a, and having a slight pitch or descent from one end of -the drying apparatus to the other, in order to facilitate the movement ofthe loaded cars on said tracks. The cars, after being loaded with the green brick, are placed upon the tracks and move to the other end of said tracks, one after the other, until each track is full. In order to prevent the cars from striking each other too heavily, and thus displace the brick, their descent may be checked, yeither by a Workman or by other suitable means. Vhen the brickboards are mounted upon Wheels, the cleats g on the under side of said brick-boards are placed so that they extend beyond the ends of the cars, as shown in Fig. 8, and thus admit the circulation of air.

The rails may be constructed as shown in Fig. 10. The rail j is secured to a strip, k, and has a side piece, Z, as a further prevention against the cars slipping off the track.

In order that no moisture can possibly'leak through upon the brick, I provide, in addition to the other means, gutters, as b, Fig.v 7, extending from the ridge-piece to the eaves, under the joints Where the shutters cmeet lthe rafters b, to carry off the Water, Svc.

The brick-drying structures may be one hundred feet long, more or less, and in building them I prefer to place them so that the'eaves of one may touch, or nearly so, those ofthe other, as shown in Fig. 1, Sheet 1, and at or under the point of meeting to provide a gutter, b, Figs. 1 and 7, suitably pitched and supported, into 'which the gutters Z2, Fig. 7, and e', Fig. 5,

may lead. By this construction a covered Way, a, Fig. 1, is made for the passage of the Workman, and all the Work can be carried on Without regard to the weather, and complete protection is assured.

If desirable, the sides and ends ofthe drying structure may be protected by movable parts similar to those in the roof, or protectors made of several boards nailed together, of suflicient height, may be used.

The aforementioned roof may be extended,v

if thought desirable, so as to cover other operations in the process of brick-making, so that the brick-yard may be completely covered.

Several of IOO IIO

IIS

parts, (as e,) so ,placed that the eaves of one shall touch or come near to the other, and having a gutter` (as b) at the point of meeting,

all substantially as and for the purposes herei-n set forth.

2. In a series of brick-drying structures so placed that the eaves of one shall touch or come near to the other, and having gutters (as bm) at the points of meeting, the combination, With uprights (as a) having cleats (as c) secured to said uprights, andl adapted to receive brickboards, (as m,) of a roof provided with movable parts, so constructed that all or a given number of lsuch parts may be operated simultane-- 4. The Combination, with a trickery-ing structure having uprights,(as a,) cleats, (as 0,) land a roof provided with movable parts, so constructed thatA all or a given number of such parts may be operated simultaneously, of a brick-board or brick -boards (as m) having cleats (as g) on the under side, and strips (as r) on the upper side, and apertures (as s) therethrough, all substantially as set forth. p

5. The combination,vvith an apparatus used in the manufacture of brick, of af bench (as h) having attached or pivoted thereto oneor more .tilting-boards or -mold-landers (as n) adapted to receive or hold a brick-board, (as m,) all substantially as set forth.

Y 6. A bench (as h) having attached or pivoted thereto a tilting-board or mold-lander, (as in) and adapted to receive a brickboard,(as m,) all constructed and operating substantially as herein set forth.

7. Abrick-drying structure having uprights (as a) and a roof provided with movable parts, so constructed that all or a given number of such parts Amay be operated simultaneously,

-and havingptherein or connected therewith a track or tracks, and adapted to receive thereon brick-board cars, all arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth. 8. The combination, with a brick drying structure having uprights (as a) and a roof provided with movable parts, of which parts all or a given number may be operated simultaneously, and having therein a track or tracks adapted to receive brick-board cars, of a brickboard (as m) having strips (as r)`on the upper side and apertures (as s) therethrough, the same being mounted on Wheels, all substantially as set forth.

9. A brick-board adapted to receive brick, having cleats or strips (as r) on the upper side and apertures (as s) therethrough, and mounted on Wheels, all arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth. l0. A brick-board (as m) adapted to receive and hold brick, havin g strips (as r) on the upper side, cleats (as g) on the under side, and apertures (as s) therethrough, all substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth. In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set myhand this 14th day of March, 1883.

NATHANIEL S. VVILLET.

Witnesses:

' F. F. CAMPBELL,

O. BRAKE. 

